FCPS Part 1 Surgery & Allied, Paper 2
Every chapter for the Surgery & Allied Paper 2, in CPSP syllabus order. Paper 1 is the same for every specialty and is in the subject chapters.
Most repeated Paper 2 topicsPractise Surgery questionsSurgery Paper 2 study guideWhole textbook
Paper 2: Anatomy: Embryology for surgery
- Gametogenesis and fertilisationGametogenesis, fertilisation, implantation and placenta: FCPS embryology
- Germ layers and neural crestBilaminar and trilaminar disc, germ layer derivatives and neural crest
- Neural tube defectsNeural tube formation and neural tube defects: spina bifida, anencephaly
- Pharyngeal archesPharyngeal arches, pouches and clefts; face, palate and thyroid development
- Heart developmentHeart and great vessels development and fetal circulation: FCPS embryology
- Gut developmentGut development: midgut rotation, atresia, Meckel diverticulum, Hirschsprung
- Urogenital developmentUrogenital development: kidney, bladder, gonads, genital ducts and anomalies
- Lung and diaphragm developmentLung and diaphragm development, surfactant and congenital diaphragmatic hernia
- Limb development and teratogensLimb and musculoskeletal development, teratogens and twinning: FCPS embryology
Paper 2: Anatomy: Histology for surgery
- Epithelium histologyEpithelium, glands and cell junctions: histology for FCPS Part 1
- Connective tissue histologyConnective tissue, cartilage, bone and joints: histology for FCPS Part 1
- Muscle and nerve histologyMuscle and nerve tissue: histology of muscle types, neurones and glia
- Gut histologyGut histology from oesophagus to colon; liver, gallbladder and pancreas
- Lung and lymphoid histologyLung, blood vessel and lymphoid organ histology: spleen, thymus, lymph node
- Kidney and endocrine histologyKidney, urinary tract, reproductive, skin and endocrine histology
Paper 2: Anatomy: Upper limb
- Brachial plexusBrachial plexus anatomy: roots, trunks, cords, branches, Erb and Klumpke palsy
- Shoulder joint and rotator cuffAxilla, scapular muscles, shoulder joint and rotator cuff: FCPS anatomy
- Arm and cubital fossaArm, cubital fossa and elbow anatomy: radial nerve in the spiral groove
- Forearm and carpal tunnelForearm compartments, wrist, carpal tunnel and anatomical snuffbox: FCPS anatomy
- Hand anatomyHand anatomy: thenar, hypothenar, lumbricals, interossei, spaces and infections
- Upper limb nerve injuriesUpper limb nerve injuries: median, ulnar, radial, axillary, musculocutaneous
- Upper limb blood supplyUpper limb arteries, anastomoses, veins and lymphatic drainage: FCPS anatomy
- Upper limb bones and fracturesUpper limb bones, joints and fractures: structures at risk for FCPS
Paper 2: Anatomy: Lower limb
- Lumbosacral plexusLumbosacral plexus: femoral, obturator and sciatic nerves for FCPS Part 1
- Femoral triangleFemoral triangle, femoral sheath, femoral canal and adductor canal anatomy
- Gluteal region and hip jointGluteal region and hip joint anatomy: sciatic foramina, Trendelenburg, injections
- Thigh compartmentsThigh compartments and muscles: nerves, actions, patella and fascia lata
- Popliteal fossa and knee jointPopliteal fossa and knee joint: ligaments, menisci, bursae and injuries
- Leg compartmentsLeg compartments, common peroneal and tibial nerves, compartment syndrome
- Ankle and foot anatomyAnkle and foot anatomy: ligaments, arches, sole layers, tarsal tunnel
- Lower limb blood supplyLower limb arteries, veins, varicose veins, DVT and lymph drainage
- Lower limb bones and fracturesLower limb bones, fractures, bone tumours, posture and gait for FCPS
Paper 2: Anatomy: Thorax
- Thoracic wall and intercostal spacesThoracic wall, ribs and intercostal spaces; chest drain site and nerve blocks
- Breast anatomyBreast anatomy: structure, hormones, blood supply and lymph drainage
- Diaphragm anatomyDiaphragm anatomy: openings, vertebral levels, nerve supply and hernias
- Mediastinum and thoracic ductMediastinum, oesophagus, thoracic duct, vagus and sympathetic trunk
- Lungs and pleuraLungs and pleura anatomy: lobes, fissures, segments, recesses, surface markings
- Heart and pericardiumHeart and pericardium anatomy: chambers, valves, conduction, coronary arteries
- Coronary arteriesCoronary arteries and cardiac veins: territories, dominance and coronary sinus
Paper 2: Anatomy: Abdomen
- Anterior abdominal wallAnterior abdominal wall: layers, rectus sheath, vessels, nerves and dermatomes
- Inguinal canal and herniasInguinal canal, spermatic cord and hernias: inguinal, femoral and others
- Peritoneum and lesser sacPeritoneum: Omenta, Lesser Sac, Epiploic Foramen and Peritoneal Spaces
- Stomach and small intestineStomach, Duodenum and Small Intestine: Anatomy, Blood Supply and Surgery
- Large intestine and anal canalLarge Intestine, Appendix, Rectum and Anal Canal: Anatomy for FCPS
- Liver and gallbladder anatomyLiver, biliary tree and gallbladder anatomy; Calot's triangle for FCPS
- Pancreas and spleen anatomyPancreas and Spleen: Relations, Blood Supply, Development and Clinical Anatomy
- Portal vein and portal hypertensionPortal Vein, Portal Hypertension and Portosystemic Anastomoses
- Arterial supply of the gutGut Arteries: Coeliac Trunk, SMA, IMA, Anastomoses and Watershed Areas
- Kidney and suprarenal anatomyKidney, ureter and suprarenal gland anatomy: relations, coverings, constrictions
- Posterior abdominal wallPosterior Abdominal Wall: Aorta, IVC, Lumbar Triangles and Lymph Drainage
Paper 2: Anatomy: Pelvis and perineum
- Bony pelvis and pelvic floorBony Pelvis, Pelvic Floor and Pelvic Diaphragm: Anatomy for FCPS
- Bladder, urethra and prostateBladder, Urethra and Prostate: Anatomy, Injuries and Clinical Links
- Male genital organsMale Genital Organs: Testis, Epididymis, Vas Deferens, Scrotum and Penis
- Female genital organsFemale Genital Organs: Uterus, Ovary, Tubes, Vagina and Uterine Supports
- Perineum and pudendal nervePerineum: Pudendal Nerve, Ischioanal Fossa and Perineal Pouches
- Pelvic vessels and nervesPelvic Vessels, Nerves and Lymph Drainage: Internal Iliac, Ureter and Plexuses
Paper 2: Anatomy: Head and neck
- Face, scalp and facial nerveScalp, Face, Facial Nerve and Muscles of Facial Expression
- Orbit and extraocular musclesOrbit, Eyeball and Extraocular Muscles: Anatomy for FCPS
- Nose and paranasal sinusesNose, Paranasal Sinuses and Pterygopalatine Fossa: Anatomy for FCPS
- Oral cavity and salivary glandsOral Cavity, Tongue, Palate, Teeth, Tonsils and Salivary Glands
- Trigeminal nerve and TMJMuscles of Mastication, TMJ, Mandible and Trigeminal Nerve
- Triangles of the neckNeck: Fascia, Spaces, Triangles, Cervical Plexus and Accessory Nerve
- Thyroid and parathyroid anatomyThyroid and parathyroid anatomy and the laryngeal nerves: FCPS Part 1
- Pharynx and larynxPharynx, Larynx, Swallowing and Vocal Cord Movements
- Neck vesselsNeck Vessels: Carotid Arteries, Subclavian, Jugular Veins and Carotid Sinus
- Ear anatomyEar Anatomy: External, Middle and Inner Ear for FCPS
Paper 2: Anatomy: Cranium and brain
- Skull and dural venous sinusesSkull, Cranial Fossae, Foramina and Dural Venous Sinuses
- Spinal cord tractsSpinal cord: tracts, blood supply, cord syndromes and Brown-Séquard
- Brainstem anatomyBrainstem: midbrain, pons, medulla, cranial nerve nuclei and brainstem syndromes
- Cranial nervesCranial nerves I–XII: nuclei, exits, functions, reflexes and lesions
- Cerebral cortexCerebral cortex: lobes, Brodmann areas, speech areas and aphasias
- Internal capsule and basal gangliaInternal capsule, basal ganglia and thalamus: anatomy, circuits and lesions
- Cerebellum anatomyCerebellum: functional divisions, cortex, peduncles, connections and lesions
- Ventricles and CSFVentricles, CSF circulation, hydrocephalus, raised pressure and meninges
- Blood supply of the brainBlood supply of the brain: circle of Willis, stroke territories and syndromes
Paper 2: Anatomy: Vertebral column
- Vertebral columnVertebral column: typical and atypical vertebrae, joints, ligaments and disc prolapse
Paper 2: Physiology: Cardiovascular system
- Cardiac action potentialCardiac muscle, conduction and action potentials
- Cardiac cycleCardiac Cycle, Heart Sounds, JVP and Pressures: FCPS Part 1 Physiology
- Cardiac outputCardiac Output, Venous Return and the Frank–Starling Law: FCPS Part 1
- ECG and arrhythmiasECG, Arrhythmias and Heart Block: FCPS Part 1 Physiology Guide
- Blood pressure regulationArterial Pressure and Its Regulation: Baroreflex, RAAS, Kidney (FCPS Part 1)
- Starling forces and oedemaMicrocirculation, Starling Forces, Oedema and Lymph: FCPS Part 1 Physiology
- Regional circulationsRegional circulations: coronary, cerebral, pulmonary, skin and muscle blood flow
- Shock and heart failureShock and heart failure: types, compensation after haemorrhage and HF physiology
Paper 2: Physiology: Respiratory system
- Lung volumes and spirometryLung volumes, capacities, dead space and pulmonary function tests (spirometry)
- Mechanics of breathingMechanics of breathing: compliance, surfactant, pleural pressure and airway resistance
- Ventilation-perfusion ratioVentilation–perfusion (V/Q), diffusion, shunt and gas exchange in the lung
- Oxygen dissociation curveOxygen and carbon dioxide transport; the dissociation curve
- Control of breathingControl of breathing: chemoreceptors, hypoxia, cyanosis, altitude and oxygen therapy
Paper 2: Physiology: Gastrointestinal system and liver
- Gastrointestinal motilityGI motility: swallowing, gastric emptying, peristalsis, vomiting and defecation
- Gastrointestinal secretionsSalivary, gastric, pancreatic and biliary secretion: cells, control and composition
- Gastrointestinal hormonesGI hormones: gastrin, secretin, CCK, GIP, GLP-1, motilin and somatostatin
- Digestion and absorptionDigestion and absorption: carbohydrate, protein, fat, water, iron, B12 and calcium
- Liver functions and bilirubinLiver functions, bilirubin metabolism, jaundice and liver failure
Paper 2: Physiology: Renal physiology, body fluids and acid-base
- Body fluid compartmentsBody fluid compartments: volumes, markers, osmolality and fluid shifts
- GFR and renal clearanceGFR, renal blood flow, autoregulation and renal clearance (with worked calculations)
- Tubular reabsorption and secretionTubular reabsorption and secretion: what each nephron segment does, diuretics and Tm
- Countercurrent mechanismUrine concentration: countercurrent multiplier, ADH, diabetes insipidus and SIADH
- Renal electrolyte handlingSodium, potassium, calcium, phosphate and magnesium handling by the kidney
- Acid-base balanceAcid–base balance: buffers, ABG interpretation, anion gap, RTA and mixed disorders
- Micturition reflexMicturition and bladder function: nerve supply, reflex centres and neurogenic bladder
Paper 2: Physiology: Nervous system
- Somatosensory pathways and painSensory receptors, somatosensory pathways, pain physiology and referred pain
- Motor systemMotor system: motor cortex, corticospinal tract, extrapyramidal tracts, UMN vs LMN
- Spinal reflexesSpinal reflexes, muscle spindle, Golgi tendon organ, spinal shock, clonus and posture
- Cerebellum and basal gangliaCerebellum and basal ganglia: cerebellar signs, Parkinson disease, chorea and tremor
- Sleep, memory and speechHigher functions: sleep stages, EEG, memory, speech areas, limbic system and hypothalamus
- Autonomic nervous systemAutonomic nervous system: sympathetic, parasympathetic, receptors and transmitters
- Temperature regulationTemperature regulation, fever, heat illness and hypothermia
Paper 2: Physiology: Special senses
- Physiology of visionVision: optics, retina, rods and cones, colour vision, accommodation and pupil reflexes
- Hearing and balanceHearing and balance: middle ear, cochlea, hair cells, hearing tests and vestibular system
- Smell and tasteSmell and taste: olfactory pathway, taste buds, taste nerves and disorders
Paper 2: Physiology: Endocrinology
- Pituitary hormonesHormone mechanisms, feedback, hypothalamus and pituitary: GH, prolactin, ADH, oxytocin
- Thyroid hormonesThyroid hormones: synthesis, actions, thyroid function tests, hypo- and hyperthyroidism
- Adrenal hormonesAdrenal cortex and medulla: cortisol, aldosterone, CAH, Cushing and Addison disease
- Insulin and glucagonEndocrine pancreas: insulin release, insulin and glucagon actions, diabetes, DKA and HHS
- Calcium and bone physiologyCalcium and bone: PTH, vitamin D, calcitonin, hyper- and hypocalcaemia, bone drugs
Paper 2: Physiology: Reproduction
- Male reproductive physiologyMale reproductive physiology: spermatogenesis, testosterone, semen and male infertility
- Female reproductive physiologyFemale reproductive physiology: menstrual cycle, ovulation, puberty and menopause
- Pregnancy physiologyPregnancy physiology: placental hormones, maternal changes, labour and lactation
- Fetal and neonatal physiologyFetal and neonatal physiology: fetal circulation, HbF, surfactant and newborn adaptation
Paper 2: Pharmacology: Drugs in surgical practice
- Adrenergic drugsAdrenergic Agonists, Beta-Blockers, Inotropes and Vasopressors: FCPS Part 1
- Anaesthetics and muscle relaxantsGeneral and Local Anaesthetics and Neuromuscular Blockers: FCPS Part 1
- Analgesics and NSAIDsOpioids, NSAIDs, Paracetamol, DMARDs, Gout and Migraine Drugs: FCPS Part 1
- Anticoagulants and antiplateletsAntiplatelets, Anticoagulants, Thrombolytics and Haematinics: FCPS Part 1
- Endocrine drugsThyroid, Corticosteroid, Sex Hormone and Bone Drugs: FCPS Part 1 Pharmacology
- Antibacterial drugsAntibacterial Drugs: Mechanisms, Resistance, Toxicity, Surgical Prophylaxis (FCPS Part 1)
- General bacteriologyGeneral bacteriology for FCPS: structure, toxins, genetics, sterilisation and antiseptics
- IV fluids and electrolytesIV fluids, electrolytes, diuretics and parenteral nutrition in surgery for FCPS
Paper 2: Pathology: Oncology
- Neoplasia and carcinogenesisNeoplasia for FCPS: carcinogenesis, oncogenes, spread, grading, staging and markers
- Head and neck tumoursHead and neck, salivary, brain and thyroid tumours (FCPS Part 1)
- Lung and gastric cancerLung, oesophageal and gastric cancer: types, spread and markers (FCPS Part 1)
- Liver and pancreatic tumoursLiver, pancreatic and biliary tumours: HCC, cholangiocarcinoma and pancreatic cancer
- Colorectal cancerColorectal cancer and polyps
- Urological cancersKidney, bladder, prostate and testicular cancer: types, markers and spread
- Breast cancerBreast cancer and benign breast disease: pathology, receptors and treatment
- Bone and soft tissue tumoursBone tumours, soft tissue sarcomas and skin cancers (FCPS Part 1)
Paper 2: Pathology: Infection in surgery
- Viral infectionsVirology for FCPS: HIV, rabies, herpesviruses, influenza, hepatitis and HPV
- Surgical site infection and sepsisSurgical site infection, sepsis, abscesses and sterilisation for FCPS
- Viral hepatitisViral Hepatitis A to E: Serology, Pathology, Treatment and Needlestick Injury
- Parasitic infectionsParasitology for FCPS: malaria, leishmania, amoebiasis, worms and hydatid cyst
- Tuberculosis and leprosyTuberculosis and Leprosy: Pathogenesis, Sites, Diagnosis, Drugs and Surgery
Paper 2: Pathology: Haematology
- Anaemia and haemolysisAnaemia, thalassaemia, sickle cell and haemolysis for FCPS: red cell disorders
- Leukaemia and lymphomaLeukaemia, Lymphoma, Myeloma, Myeloproliferative Neoplasms and the Spleen
- Bleeding disorders and transfusionBleeding disorders, DIC, anticoagulant reversal and blood transfusion for FCPS
Paper 2: Pathology: Vascular and renal pathology
- Atherosclerosis and aneurysmsAtherosclerosis, ischaemic heart disease, limb ischaemia and aneurysms for FCPS
- DVT and pulmonary embolismDVT, pulmonary embolism, varicose veins and venous ulcers for FCPS
- Renal stones and renal hypertensionRenal causes of hypertension; renal stones and urinary obstruction
Paper 2: Pathology: Surgical conditions: pathology and investigation
- Gallstones and pancreatitisGallstones, cholecystitis, cholangitis, pancreatitis and obstructive jaundice for FCPS
- Intestinal obstructionIntestinal obstruction, hernias, peritonitis and appendicitis for FCPS
- Gastrointestinal bleedingUpper and lower GI bleeding, varices, anorectal disease and dysphagia for FCPS
- Haematuria, haemoptysis and goitreHaematuria, haemoptysis and goitre for FCPS: causes, investigation and surgery
- Abdominal wall herniasAbdominal wall abnormalities and hernias
- Biopsy and specimen handlingBiopsy types, specimen handling and the lab request form (FCPS Part 1)